Causal Loop Diagram

In this chapter, the authors use the smart city attractiveness index as a measure of the smartness of a city. A smart city's council defines the smart city index, which is impacted

FIGURE 8.2

Methodology of flow diagram.

by all six dimensions. Neirotti et al. (2014) and Lazaroiu and Roscia (2012) indicate that mobility and energy are at the highest priority in a smart city index. Due to the complexity and large variables involved in the smart city index, only smart mobility is considered in our final quantitative simulation model for detailed analysis. A CLD of smart mobility is given in Figure 8.3. As per the literature, smart mobility influences the smartness of the city and mobility depends on local accessibility and ICT infrastructure. Local accessibility depends on transportation. Due to higher smart city attractiveness, population inflow will increase in the city, which will increase the population density. The government will need to invest to enhance the infrastructure of the city based on the gap between targets and existing infrastructure. After some delay, public transport will increase, which will increase local accessibility. At the same time, buses will also increase congestion in the city, and will reduce local accessibility. There are nine total balancing loops and one reinforcing loop that explain the interrelationships of the variables.