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Word order in Christa’s narratives

The analysis of verb placement in Christa’s written productions reveals that the verb predominantly appears in sentence second position throughout the recording time covered in this study. As we can see in Figure 4.19 (cf. also Table D-6 in Appendix D), which provides an overview of the relative frequency of the different verb placement patterns, the proportion of constructions with verb drop is relatively low. Only in file 2 we find a high rate of sequences without an overt verb (43.8%), clearly exceeding the percentage of verb second patterns in this file (31.3%). Interestingly, this is also the narrative in which the frequency of verb final clauses reaches a peak (12.5%). Worthy of mention is the relatively low frequency of V3 patterns, which contrasts with the higher proportion of this sentential format in the narratives of other participants in this study and the productions of other learners of L2 German.

Main clause verb placement in Christa’s narratives

Figure 4.19: Main clause verb placement in Christa’s narratives.

Turning to complex constructions in Christa’s narratives we can see in Figure 4.20 that sequences with embedded clauses only rarely occur in her written productions (1 per file). By contrast, the relative frequency of complex constructions involving coordinated clauses ranges between 0 to 13.3%.

Relative frequency of main (MC), embedded (EC) and coordinated (CC) clauses in Christa’s narratives

Figure 4.20: Relative frequency of main (MC), embedded (EC) and coordinated (CC) clauses in Christa’s narratives.

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Word order in Muhammed’s narratives
The analysis of main clause verb placement in Muhammed’s narratives (see Figure 4.2 and also Table D-1 in Appendix D) reveals that V2 sequences predominate as of file 1. Two phenomena deserve further attention, namely, the high rate of sequences with verb drop, and the frequency of V3 formats. Indeed,...
(Bilingualism and Deafness: On Language Contact in the Bilingual Acquisition of Sign Language and Written Language)
Word order in Simon’s narratives
The overview of the verb placement patterns observed in Simon’s narratives provided in Figure 4.7 (cf. Table D-2 in Appendix D) shows that word order in Simon’s narratives predominantly follows the SVX schema. Only as of file 3 does he produce sequences that do not adhere to this schema. In this...
(Bilingualism and Deafness: On Language Contact in the Bilingual Acquisition of Sign Language and Written Language)
Word order in Maria’s narratives
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(Bilingualism and Deafness: On Language Contact in the Bilingual Acquisition of Sign Language and Written Language)
Word order in Fuad’s narratives
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(Bilingualism and Deafness: On Language Contact in the Bilingual Acquisition of Sign Language and Written Language)
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(Bilingualism and Deafness: On Language Contact in the Bilingual Acquisition of Sign Language and Written Language)
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(Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics)
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