DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  • 1. What are the advantages of a more proactive, comprehensive, and family-oriented approach when working with historically underserved minority youth?
  • 2. To what extent are the specific individual strategies and leadership practices mentioned in this chapter applicable to your line of work or at your organization?

REFERENCES

After-School Corporation. (2013, October). The 6,000-hour learning gap. Retrieved from http://www.expandedschools.org/policy-documents/6000-hour-learning-gap.

Chahine, Z., van Straaten, J., & Williams-Isom, A. (2005, April). The New York City neighborhood-based services strategy. Child Welfare Journal, 84(2), 141-152.

Citizens' Committee for Children of New York. (2008). Keeping track of New York City's children, Appendix A.

Citizens' Committee for Children of New York. (2011). Keeping track online: Children born into poverty. Retrieved from http://data.cccnewyork.org/profile/location/3Z community-district#12/central-harlem/3/89/a/a.

Diverse Education. (2011, August). Study: Minority, low-income students lack adequate access to educational opportunities. Retrieved from http://diverseeducation.com/article/ 16180/.

Klass, P. (2013, May 13). Poverty as a childhood disease. New York Times. Retrieved from http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/13/poverty-as-a-childhood-disease/.

National Center for Education Evaluation. (2011, April). Do low-income students have equal access to the highest-performing teachers? Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/ pubs/20114016/pdf/20114016.pdf.

New York City Administration for Children's Services. (2012). Report from Management and Outcome Reporting, Office of Management Analysis, Research, and Planning; Division of Policy, Planning, and Measurement.

New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. (2006). Take Care Central Harlem. NYC community health profiles (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://www.nyc. gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/data/2006chp-302.pdf.

Reardon, S. F. (2011). The widening academic achievement gap between the rich and the poor: New evidence and possible explanations (p. 1). Retrieved from http://cepa.

stanford.edu/content/widening-academic-achievement-gap-between-rich-and-

poor-new-evidence-and-possible.

Tough, P. (2008). Graduation. In Whatever it takes: Geoffrey Canadas quest to change Harlem and America (pp. 254-255). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.

U.S. Census Bureau. (2012). Work-life earnings by field of degree and occupation for people with a bachelor's degree: 2011. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/ acsbr11-04.pdf.

 
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