Freedom of Navigation and the Law of the Sea: Warships, States and the Use of Force
South China Sea since 2000IranRussiaUnited States freedom of navigation operationsOther nationsThe lawOutlineGeneral principles on the use of force and their application at seaThe right to use force in general international lawThe use of force at sea involving warships – the casesConclusion – collected rules from case law on the use of force at seaUnit and collective self-defenceUnit self-defence v national self-defence?Collective self-defenceImminenceConclusionProportionality and the threshold of armed conflictProportionalityThe applicability and relevance of the law of armed conflictConclusionTerritorial and internal watersTerritorial seaInternal watersCase study – submerged contacts in Swedish waters in the 1980sConclusionStraits and archipelagosInternational straitsArchipelagic waters and archipelagic sea lanesUnder a UNSCR?ConclusionInternational watersExclusive economic zoneContiguous zoneHigh seasDe-escalation and disputed watersConclusion
