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Nanomaterials for Spectroscopic Applications

An Emerging Avenue of Functional Graphene Aggregated Liquid Crystalline Hybrid Nanocomposite Diverse Attempts: Key Challenges and Novel Premises Introduction Liquid Crystalline Materials by Nanodopants Carbon Based Materials Graphene Dopant Liquid Crystals Designing and Synthesis of Nanomaterials Fabrication of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) Nanostructures Assembled LC Matrix Fabrication of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Nanostructures Assembled LC Matrix Controllable Synthetic Mechanism of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanostructures Assembled LC Matrix LC-Aggregated Self-Assembly Nanomaterials and CNTs/Graphene Photo Refractive ITO-LC Cell Manufacturing Principle Liquid Crystal Phase Transition and Switchable Device Implementations Graphene Deposited Liquid Crystalline Nanocomposite Phase Transition Electro-optical (EO) Phase Transition of Switchable Sensor Modulation Homogeneously Dispersed Graphene-Liquid Crystal in Organic Solvents Chemical Formulation of GO-LC Hybrid Nanocompounds Conclusions, Outlook and Perspectives Spectroscopic and Microscopic Response of Graphene/CNTs Based Nanomaterials Introduction Graphene and CNT Nanomaterials Synthesis of Graphene Micromechanical exfoliation Electrochemical exfoliation Chemical synthesis Epitaxial growth Chemical vapor deposition Chemical reduction Liquid-phase exfoliation Biogenic reduction Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Arc discharge Laser ablation Chemical vapor deposition Electrolysis Spray pyrolysis Hydrothermal/sonochemical Ball milling Organic synthesis Properties of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes Graphene/CNT Nanocomposites Synthesis of Graphene/CNT Nanocomposites Assembly approach In situ approach Other methods Properties of Graphene/CNT Nanocomposites Mechanical and thermal properties Electrical and optical properties The Spectroscopic Response of Graphene/CNT Nanocomposites Raman Spectroscopy UV-Visible Spectroscopy FT-IR Spectroscopy The Microscopic Response of Graphene/CNT Nanocomposites Scanning Electron Microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy Atomic Force Microscopy Applications of Graphene/CNTs Based Nanomaterials Electrical and Electronic Applications Thermal Applications Environmental Applications Biomedical Applications Other Applications Conclusion Thermotropic Hydrogen-Bonded Liquid Crystals (HBLCs) Spectral Analysis of Phase Transition: Limitations, Perspectives and Challenges Introduction Experimental Details Material Preparation Results and Discussion Conventional Thermistor Theoretical Modeling of Liquid Crystal Analysis Liquid crystal thermistor Liquid crystal thermistor fabrication Liquid Crystal Exhibiting Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermo resistance: cholesteric Comparison of magnitude of thermistor properties in various phases Molecular modeling Liquid Crystal Exhibiting Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermo resistance: Sm C*Current versus Voltage Characteristics of Liquid Crystal Thermistors Conclusions, Outlook and Challenges Perspectives and Future Scopes Green Nanostructures Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterizations Introduction Sec-Met: An Effective Source for Green Nanostructural Synthesis Innovative Focuses on Green Nanostructural Formulation Practices for Characterization of Green-Formulated NPs Optimistic Positivity Conclusion Synthesis, Designing and Challenges of Functionalized Polymeric Nanomaterials and Their Spectroscopic Applications Introduction Self-Assembly to Form Polymeric Nanoparticles Block copolymers Dendrimers Lipids Surface Engineered Polymeric Nanoparticles Nano Encapsulated Polymer Spectroscopic Applications of Polymeric Nanoparticles Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)X-Ray Imaging Fluorescence Imaging Other Applications Conclusions and Future Scope Fabrication of Ultra-Pure Anisotropic Nanoparticles, Spectroscopic Studies and Biological Applications Introduction Fabrication Approaches for Synthesis Polyol Synthesis Biological Synthesis Seed Mediated Synthesis Template Mediated Synthesis Hydrothermal Approach Electrochemical Photochemical Spectroscopic Analysis of Fabricated Nanoparticles Biological Applications of Anisotropic Nanoparticles Toxicity of Pathogens Medical Bio-imaging and biosensing Wound healing Gene editing and gene delivery Therapeutics Vaccinology Bio-grafting Cosmetics Disinfectants Food Industry Feed additives Food packaging and processing Bioremediation Agricultural Conclusion and Future Outlook Bioinspired Nanomaterials for Improving Sensing and Imaging Spectroscopy Introduction Types of Bionanomaterials Peptides Imaging Applications Protein Cages Virus-Like Particles (VLPs)Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV)Cowpea mosaic virus capsid protein (CPMV)Enterobacteriaceae (MS2)Q β Brome mosaic virus (BMV)Non-viral Protein Cages Enterobacteria phage (E2)Encapsulin Ferritin (maxi-ferritin)Dps 4 (mini-ferritin)Lumazine synthase Vault protein Natural Polymers Conclusions, Outlook and Future Scopes Green Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Spectroscopic Applications Introduction Green Chemistry and Green Nanotechnology Synthesis of Green Nanomaterials Biogenic Synthesis of Nanoparticles Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanoparticles Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanostructures Synthesis of Green Nanoceramics and Nanocomposites Ethical and Environmental Concerns Related to Green Nanomaterials Engineered Properties of Green Nanomaterials Structure-Based Properties of Functional Semiconductor Green Nanomaterials Dominance of the electromagnetic force Quantum effects Surface to volume ratio Random molecular movement Optoelectrical and Semiconductor Properties of Green Nanomaterials Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Green Nanomaterials Environmental Issues Pertaining to Green Nanomaterials’ Properties Applications of Green Nanomaterials Applications as Functional Materials Applications in Semiconductor Industry Applications in Optoelectronics Applications in Spectral Analysis Environmental Concerns and Remedies Pertaining to the Application of Green Nanomaterials Conclusions Functional Green Nanomaterials Designing Approach to Spectroscopic Evaluation Introduction Solar Cells Types of Solar Cells Inorganic Solar Cells Organic Solar Cells Tandem Cells Perovskite Solar Cells Photonic Crystals Polymer Nanocomposites Natural Polymers Natural Biopolymer Chitin and Chitosan Preparation of Nanochitosan Fabrication of Solar Cells Spectroscopic Characterization and Evaluation Fourier Transform–Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR)Transmission Electron Microscopy (ТЕМ)Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)Conclusion Green Chemistry Assisted Synthesis of Metallic Nanomaterials Applications Introduction Importance of Metallic Nanomaterials Production of Various Metallic Nanomaterials Using Green Chemistry Metallic Nanomaterials in Environmental and Biological Applications Photocatalytic Performance Antibacterial Activity of Metallic Nanomaterials Anticancer Activity of Metallic Nanomaterials Conclusions, Outlook and Perspectives Preparation of Metal Nanoparticles Extractions from Green Natural Products Introduction Classification of Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Categorization of Nanoparticles Synthesis of Nanoparticles Biological Synthesis Algae-Mediated Synthesis Fungal-Mediated Synthesis Bacteria Mediated Synthesis Plant Mediated Synthesis Other Bioresource Mediated Synthesis Why Plant Mediated Nanoparticles Synthesis?Factors Influencing Green Synthesis Impact of pH Temperature Time Concentration Other Influencing Parameter Challenges in Green Synthesis of MNPs Reproducibility Scale-Up Upcoming Perception(s) in Green Synthesis Conclusion Ostwald Ripening of PDIF-CN2 Molecules on Bilayer and Multilayer Graphene Introduction Experiments Results and Discussion Conclusion

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