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Democratization of Expertise: How Cognitive Systems Will Revolutionize Your Life

When Things Become Democratized Adoption of Technology Revolutions The Nature of Revolutions The Cognitive Systems Revolution The Coming Cognitive Augmentation Era Deep Learning/Machine Learning Big Data Internet of Things Natural Language Interfaces Open Source AI Cloud-Based Services Social Media The Connected Age The Cognitive Systems Era A Brief History of Human Augmentation Technology Creates New Kinds of Workers Human Cognitive Augmentation The Human/Cog Ensemble The Cognitive Process Cognitive Work and the Augmentation Factor Cognitive Power Cognitive Accuracy and Cognitive Precision Levels of Cognitive Augmentation Summary A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence The Dartmouth Conference Milestones in Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Game Playing in Artificial Intelligence Chatbots The Nature of Expertise The Turing Test and Searle’s Chinese Room Chunks Types of Knowledge and the Knowledge Level Bloom’s Taxonomy Cognitive Architectures Genealogy of Cognitive Architectures General Problem Solver Reflexive/Tropistic/Instinctive Agent Model-Based Reflexive/Hysteretic Agent Goal-Based/Knowledge-Level Agent (Reasoning Agent)Utility-Based/Knowledge-Level Agent (Rational Agent)General Learning Agent (Adaptive Agent)Evolutionary Agent (Evolving Agent)EPIC ACT-R CLARION Soar Soar/Formal Model Standard Model of the Mind Subsumption Architecture Emotion Machine—Model 6 Genesis Architecture Synthetic Expertise Requirements for Expertise The Knowledge Level Description of Expertise The Expertise Level The Expertise Level Description of Expertise The Model of Expertise The Soar Architecture for Expertise Synthetic Expertise: The Human/Cog Ensemble Composite Activities Cognitive Augmentation Synthetic Teachers Intelligent Tutoring Systems Teaching Styles and Pedagogy The Synthetic Teacher Model Synthetic vs. Artificial Teachers Subject-Oriented Teacher Cogs Synthetic Friend/Therapist Conversational Chatbots The Synthetic Friend Model Virtual Diaries Synthetic Elderly Companions Elder Models Activity Models Emotional/Mood Models Task Models Episodic Memory and Diagnostic Conversation Distributed Sensors Interactive Smart Mirror Displays Augmented and Mixed Reality Gait/Body Language Analysis Elder Care Research Synthetic Colleagues Enhancing Productivity Artificial Entertainers, Lawyers, Politicians The Personal Cog Revolution The Synthetic Colleague Model Social and Professional Network Assistant Conference and Journal Publications and Grants Assistant Multi-Modal Interface Publication Finder Summarizer, Assimilator, State of the Art Question Answering New Work Updates Remote Cog/Cog Collaboration Semi-Autonomous Learning Theory Assistant, Idea Explorer Synthetic Collaboration Autonomously Generated Knowledge Autonomous Knowledge Discovery in Healthcare Autonomous Knowledge Discovery in Business and Military Autonomous Knowledge Discovery in Personal Lives Automated Discovery Intellectual Property Ownership The Democratization of Expertise Bibliography

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Cognitive System in the DMSC
The first lens in the cognitive side of the DMSC represents the first human encounter with the data presented by the system. The processes conducted in the first lens requires human selection (i.e., of what data to observe from that presented by the system) and is termed perception (the subjective...
(Systemic Decision Making: Fundamentals for Addressing Problems and Messes)
COGNITIVE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVES AND METHODS FOR STUDYING THE COGNITIVE ASPECTS OF COLLABORATIVE INFORMATION SEEKING
Due to inadequate HCI and system design (SD) solutions in dynamic operational environments, a new interdisciplinary synthesis was introduced: CSE. Essentially, the CSE framework consists of several traditional fields (e.g., engineering, psychology, cognitive science, IS, and computer science) (Rasmussen...
(Cognitive Systems Engineering: An Integrative Living Laboratory Framework)
COGNITIVE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING IN CRISES AND THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENT
What Are Crises? Reminiscent of Von Clausewitz’s (1997) fog of war, crises are opaque and dynamic. Crises are understood as incidents that emerge quickly and unexpectedly and present a significant threat to an organization’s interests (Holsti, 1989). They are characterized by high risk...
(Cognitive Systems Engineering: An Integrative Living Laboratory Framework)
Cognitive Systems Engineering in Crisis Management
Crises demand human responses. These responses are challenged by the diversity among individual responders’ knowledge, both with regard to the event, and the context in which the event occurs. In a team environment, different levels of knowledge, how it is collated, and its dissemination may result...
(Cognitive Systems Engineering: An Integrative Living Laboratory Framework)
The space of cognitive systems
In his 2014 book Artificial Cognitive Systems, the cognitive roboticist David Vernon proposed a 2D space for the classification of different types of cognitive artificial systems. Its original 2D space considered on the x-axis the level of natural (i.e., biological or cognitive) inspiration assumed...
(Cognitive Design for Artificial Minds)
Institutionalising civilian and democratic control over nuclear weapons systems at a national level
Our previous discussion has shown that nuclear disarmament at the national level, as with the transition to denuclearisation at the regional and international levels, will look different and feel different for each of the NWS given the singular nature, including the nuclear and political histories, traditions...
(The Politics of Nuclear Disarmament: Obstacles to and Opportunities for Eliminating Nuclear Weapons)
Hayek’s concept of the cognitive system
Reflection on the theory of spontaneous order links with the issue of human cognitive limitations. It is the accessibility of knowledge that determines the human ability to deliberately form social structures and the distinction between spontaneous and planned order. And the very possibility of explaining...
(Politics and the Theory of Spontaneous Order)
Cognitive Systems in Healthcare*
One of the most ambitious approaches to decision support in healthcare involves the use of cognitive systems—those technologies that seek to emulate or improve upon human decision-making capabilities, and have some degree of autonomous intelligence. These systems typically involve a combination of...
(Healthcare Informatics: Strategies for the Digital Era)
The Cognitive Systems Revolution
We take note of the existing technological revolutions discussed in this chapter because we are at the beginning of a new technological revolution—the cognitive systems era. The remainder of this book discusses cognitive systems and the coming era in detail. Like other technological revolutions,...
(Democratization of Expertise: How Cognitive Systems Will Revolutionize Your Life)
The Cognitive Systems Era
Even though each of the above-mentioned is the culmination of decades of development, they are just now coming together in a way suited for mass- market products. In short, it is the right time for something revolutionary. One revolutionary type of cognitive system technology will be in the cognitive...
(Democratization of Expertise: How Cognitive Systems Will Revolutionize Your Life)