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The Handbook of Professional, Ethical and Research Practice for Psychologists, Counsellors, Psychoth

Professional practice and ethical considerations Introduction Service user involvement, ethics and power in therapy services Putting personal experience into context Therapy, ethics and service user involvement The lack of user involvement in clinical therapy services The challenge of getting our voice heard Power in therapy and user involvement settings Developing a change in power relationships in clinical settings through user involvement Conclusion Acknowledgements Reflective questions Note References Psychological contracts: hidden agreements in life and at work The roots of psychological contracts Contracts The psychological contract The psychological contract at work in organisations Psychological contracts - interpretative filters Managing the psychological contract Conclusion References New challenges for professional ethics and good practice guidelines for psychologists, psychotherapists and therapists Hannah Farndon and Nicola Gale - the British Psychological Society’s Practice Guidelines Response to changing context Challenges in the workplace When things go wrong Current societal challenges Equality, diversity and inclusion Sarah Niblock - guidelines - UKCP Balancing virtue ethics and regulation Avoiding harm Benevolence Candour Competence Honesty Human rights and social justice Personal accountability The dangers of manualising ethics Negotiating ethics in pluralistic organisations Conclusion References Legal considerations and responsibilities Client confidentiality and data protection Therapy and confidentiality Public interest in maintaining confidentiality Public interest in requiring disclosure Statutory duties to disclose client information Statutory duties to protect client confidentiality General data protection regulation Access to confidential client material Access to confidential client material by the courts Conclusion Note References The legal context of therapy Structure of the legal system Negligence case law Contract law Statute law Mental health law Main emergency provisions of the Mental Health Act 1983 Law relating to children Main provisions of the Children Act 1989 Conclusion Note References Writing a report for use in Court and appearing in Court as a health professional and/or expert witness Who may request a report and what sort of report?Professional reports Expert witness reports Instructions Payment Format of the report Information that should be present in each of the sections Cover page Introduction The writer Instructions received Interview Client’s account of the incident and subsequent events Personal history Previous medical history Psychometric test results Discussion Opinion Causation Prognosis Declaration/statement of truth Signature and date at the end Appendix Appearing in Court References Regulation, learning from complaints Having a complaint made against you Impact and triggers of complaints Triggers for complaints Breaches of confidentiality Failure to maintain appropriate boundaries Financial exploitation Failure to terminate therapy in an appropriate manner Serious professional misconduct Therapist’s response Regulation and sanctions for talking therapy practitioners (TTPs)Complaints and the public interest test Protection of the public. What is the public interest test and how is it applied?Complaints and the future Complaints - a developmental learning tool Conclusion References Clinical considerations and responsibilities Fitness to practise Introduction Fitness to practise - ethical frameworks British Psychological Society (BPS)British Association of Social Workers (BASW)Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCPsych)United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP)British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP)Fitness to practise - common factors Substance use Physical and mental health Stress Life events Fitness to practise - responsibilities Fitness to practise - taking action Conclusion References The role of social media in counselling and psychotherapy Internet technology in psychological therapy Social media and social network developments Social media use in counselling and psychotherapy Boundaries of professional practice: therapist self-disclosure Privacy, confidentiality and informed consent in social media use E-professionalism and resources Social media policies Conclusion References Adverse effects of psychological therapies Definitional issues relating to adverse effects of therapy Prevalence of adverse effects Understanding the possible causes of adverse effects Identifying adverse effects Reducing the likelihood of adverse effects in clinical practice Working with adverse effects of therapy Consideration of adverse effects in supervision Conclusion References Working with diversity: professional practice and ethical considerations Ethical considerations when working with young people Consent and involvement in decision-making Working with the young person, family triad and agencies Confidentiality and competency Creating confidentiality agreements Disclosure and reporting of risk - safeguarding Social media and young people Cyberbullying Conclusion References Professional and ethical issues in working with older adults Current statistics Working with the older person Guidelines and competencies Ageism A developmental perspective Elder abuse Engagement and the therapeutic relationship Confidentiality The reflective and reflexive practitioner Conclusion References Working with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people Presence in services Psychological distress Diversity within the LGBT population LGBT people across the lifespan The practitioner’s stance Approaches to therapy and the therapeutic encounter British psychological society guidelines Conclusion References Professional and ethical practice in a multicultural and multiethnic society Introduction What is culture?Defining cultural competence The qualities of the culturally competent clinician The patient-based approach Current guidelines APA guidelines EPA guidelines Racism in the clinician-patient relationship Conclusion Note References Research, supervision and training Research in therapeutic practice settings: ethical considerations Defining research in therapeutic settings Ethical considerations: where do they begin?Research designs in the therapeutic context Small-N Qualitative studies Large-N Data collection: challenges to ethical practice Interviews Questionnaires Ethical questioning and decision-making throughout the research process Conclusion Notes References Evidence-based practice: the ethical dimension What is evidence based practice?Epistemology, values and competing interests in EBP How applicable is the evidence in EBP?How complete and unbiased is the evidence base?Conclusion References Teaching ethics for professional practice Professional ethics codes Reconstructing ethics The personal and professional Teaching ethics Ethical guidance and standards for professional training Ethics in the curriculum Video recording and public reflecting Experts by experience Personal and professional skills development (PPSD)Evaluating outcomes of ethics teaching Academic work Clinical work Critically reflecting on ethics teaching Conclusion Notes References Training supervision: professional and ethical considerations Understanding supervision Supervision - consultative and training Formats of supervision Supervision models Learning to be a supervisee The supervisory relationship Supervision and boundaries Establishing the supervision contracting: bilateral agreement Contracting - multilateral agreement Vicarious responsibility Confidentiality Dual-role relationships within supervision Disclosure and supervision The supportive role in supervision Conclusion References Trainee perspectives on professional, ethical and research practice Being a trainee Length and scope of training Teaching professional and ethical issues Anxieties about litigation or complaints What are ethical dilemmas?Major themes raised by trainees Personal therapy Personal values Gifts Whistle blowing Levels of competence Dual roles/relationships Boundaries, confidentiality and issues of disclosure Conclusion References Continuing Professional Development (CPD): professional and ethical considerations Introduction Understanding CPD CPD cycle and professional bodies regulations Facilitating and promoting CPD in the UK Challenges and limitations Conclusion References Clinical vignettes and reflective questions Social Inclusion Social justice theory and practice Social justice in practice Different levels of action in practice A phenomenological stance The therapeutic gaze Accessibility and engagement Practitioner’s own position in relation to power Conclusion References Ethical and professional issues in community psychology What is community psychology?An alternative understanding A stance for social justice Praxis Collaboration Participatory research Prevention and social action Professional issues in community psychology Ethics and community psychology Doing no harm Distribution of power and resources Imposition of values and understandings Responsibility for change Accountability Reflexivity and the avoidance of harm Potential challenges of ethical codes Relationships and boundaries Confidentiality Informed consent Conclusion Note References Resources and links

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Trainee perspectives on professional, ethical and research practice
This chapter details the findings from a survey undertaken with a range of trainee therapists, counselling, clinical and community psychologists and counsellors over 12 years. In total, 96 trainees participated in the survey from a number of British training institutions and courses. Trainees were asked...
(The Handbook of Professional, Ethical and Research Practice for Psychologists, Counsellors, Psychotherapists and Psychiatrists)
research ethics and research practice
The current focus in social science research on ethical research practices and ethical compliance has meant that research ethics was a central element of our module from early on. In particular, an internal debate within the Law School as to whether third-year students should be allowed to conduct empirical...
(Integrating Socio-Legal Studies into the Law Curriculum)
New challenges for professional ethics and good practice guidelines for psychologists, psychotherapists and therapists
This chapter discusses the processes and issues that representatives from two different professional organisations have considered and addressed in their guidelines. The first section of the chapter is written by Hannah Farndon and Nicola Gale from the British Psychological Society (BPS) and the second...
(The Handbook of Professional, Ethical and Research Practice for Psychologists, Counsellors, Psychotherapists and Psychiatrists)
Accounting and Professional Ethics
Because investors and creditors place great reliance on financial statements in making their investment and credit decisions, it is imperative that the financial reporting process be truthful and dependable. Accountants are expected to behave in an entirely ethical fashion, and this is generally the...
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STEWARDSHIP, JUSTICE, AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
Health care professionals also need to be realists in the area of ethics related to stewardship and justice. From an ethics perspective, the principle of justice is described as the moral obligation to act on the basis of fair adjudication between competing claims. As such, it is linked to fairness,...
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How do I maintain my sense of professionalism while "marketing" my practice and not feel like a buffoon or a used-car salesman?
If you believe that pets need certain types of care to keep them healthy, and you know your practice can deliver these services in a professional and caring manner, why would you feel anything other than confident discussing them? Consider it your duty to inform your clients about best practices for...
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Beginning to Understand Professional Ethics as a Responsibility
Building on the premise that engineers must recognize themselves as part of the society, it becomes clear that engineering solutions have some functional relationship with the society. This can be attained by realizing that the professional engineer is an ethical engineer. The third generation must develop...
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Beyond Professional Ethics: GIS, Codes of Ethics, and Emerging Challenges
Fanny Verrax Abstract This chapter questions the adequateness of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) professional ethics by analyzing the URISA’s (“The Urban and Regional Information Systems Association”: the broadest association for GIS Professionals) Code of Ethics. It starts by...
(Technoscience and Citizenship: Ethics and Governance in the Digital Society)
Where Do Professional Ethics Come From?
In a broad meaning, professional ethics have always existed, as they arise from an inevitable tension “between the professions’ pursuit of autonomy and the public’s demand for accountability” (Frankel 1989, p. 109). Already in the 1950s British philosopher Bertrand Russell talked of professional...
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GIS Professional Ethics: Achievements and Limits
Do GIS Practitioners Need their Own Professional Ethics? According to (Chadwick 1998) and (Airaksinen 1994), in order to determine if a new group of professionals, such as GIS practitioners, should have their own professional ethics, this profession should meet three demands: (a) rely on a body...
(Technoscience and Citizenship: Ethics and Governance in the Digital Society)