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The Art and Science of Embodied Research Design: Concepts, Methods and Cases

Why I created this book Why use embodied research methods now?How to use this book What's in the book?Somatic systems of analysis Movement systems of analysis Embodied interviews and observations Creative and mixed methods Conclusion Note References I: Concepts in embodied research Embodied research design – a transformational paradigm in scientific discovery Situated embodiment Embodiment and system/bodily state Embodiment and simulation Embodiment in research design Research design and embodiment: a case study Embodied study design and knowing how to know Designing studies with the body in mind Conclusions - embodiment in research design Appendix A - Embodied quantitative research design application checklist References Open and reflective research: Methodological reflections on the importance of body awareness in qualitative research Making the body visible?Reflective Lifeworld Research and the practice of bridling Bridling as improvisation Working with our (bodily) habits of knowing Body in the dark Conclusion Notes References The concept of "felt sense" in embodied knowing and action Felt sense Misunderstandings of "felt sense"Experiencing A process view of the body Recognizing and distinguishing felt senses Felt senses form freshly Felt senses are emergent; they are in a process of forming Felt senses are wholistic senses; they are of a whole situation Felt senses have a "more than words can say" quality Facilitating felt senses in research Problems with questions A felt sense example The felt sense in embodied research Conclusion References Embodied data: Toward a vocabulary for somatic and movement experience Why do we need language for embodied experience?Identifying embodied data Three key elements for approaching embodied experience Presence Body memory Metaphor Collecting and recording embodied data Size Gravity Temperature Visceroception Movement as embodied data Spontaneous movement Posture/structure Gestures Rhythm/speed Conclusion Notes References Ethical considerations in embodied research Embodied ethical reflexivity Informed consent in uncharted territory The ethical use of touch in research Sociocentric bias in research Conclusion References II: Methods and cases SECTION I: Somatic systems of analysis Methods for measuring embodiment, an instrument: The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA)Historical context Interoception in context Development of the MAIA Addressing limitations of self-reported interoceptive awareness Applications of the MAIA Conclusion Note References Empirical evidence of the embodiment awareness changes in somatic focused gestalt psychotherapy The embodied contacting cycle The embodied contacting interruptions/resistances The measuring tools The methodology Data collection Data analysis Changes in GEMS scores at 6-month and 12-month intervals Implications Limitations of the method Conclusion Note References Somatic phenomenology: Maps of body-felt experience Phenomenal marker Attention as a somatic phenomenon Attentional posture Description of the method Conclusion References SECTION II: Movement systems of analysis The three pillars of movement observation and analysis: A brief introduction to the LMA, KMP and MPI Laban Movement Analysis Example applications and research Limitations Kestenberg Movement Profile (KMP)System I: The tension-flow and effort system System II: The shape-flow and shaping system The KMP applications and research Limitations The Movement Psychodiagnostic Inventory Primary Inventory categories The MPI applications and research Limitations Summary Acknowledgements References Embodied and nonverbal indices of stress in intergenerational transmission Relationality of movement Methodology Kestenberg Movement Profile (nonverbal measure)Description of embodied diagrams used Free and bound flow Animated flow and neutral flow Tension flow and shape flow Tension Flow Attributes (TFAs)Uni-polar shape flow (Ushfl)Bi-polar shape flow (Bshfl)Stress scales used in study Life stress Event stress Parenting stress Overall stress Social support Hypotheses Participants Procedure Results Tension flow attributes Shape flow Discussion Dyadic regulation Conclusion References The skillful analyst: Investigating, analyzing, and reflecting on movement behavior through embodied knowledge Investigating through the body Laban Movement Analysis Observer bias and kinesthetic empathy The map is not the territory Researcher bias in Laban Movement Analysis The role of motif LMA as an embodied research tool for identifying style and interaction Strata of observation: the individual mover Interaction analysis Small group behavior Cultural patterns Conclusion Note References SECTION III: Embodied interviews and observations Ethnomethodologically informed ethnography: Recognising the potential and limitations of the researcher’s body as tool for exploring embodied practice What is non-representational theory?Attuning ethnographic methodologies to embodiment through non-representational theory Method: ethnomethodologically informed ethnography What is ethnomethodology?Ethnomethodologically informed ethnography in action I: 'Making the strange familiar'II: 'Making the familiar strange'Discussion Conclusion References Beyond interpretative phenomenological analysis: Using body awareness and mindfulness meditation practices to research body psychotherapy Theoretical background: the research methodology in context The limits of phenomenology Embodying experiences Non-duality and interconnection Method: body awareness and mindfulness practice in embodied research Researcher pre-interview preparation Data collection: the embodied interview Data Analysis: indicators of embodied experience Discussion and conclusion Therapeutic versus psychotherapy IPA and awareness practices Buddhist psychology and body psychotherapy Final thoughts References The Body-focused Interview: Explicating the implicit in embodied research Psychological beginnings Focusing in embodied research A caveat for metaphor Embodied description may include valuable gestures Method for conducting the Body-Focused Interview Warm up the session The body-focused interview Grounding, centering and ending Preparing the researcher for the Body-Focused Interview Find a sense of comfort in your own body Practice test interviews A note on data analysis Methodological limitations and strengths Conclusion Note References Embodied writing research applications: Giving the body “voice” through the vehicle of words Historical development of embodied writing Seven distinctive features of embodied writing Using embodied writing in qualitative research Using embodied writing to clarify a research topic Using embodied writing for data collection Using embodied writing to support data interpretation Conclusion Note References SECTION IV: Creative and mixed methods Body stories: Researching and performing the embodied experience of oppression Orienting to the research Finding the question Researching complex, embedded, and fluid embodied identities Gathering embodied data (data collection)Making meaning (data analysis)Performing the findings (data presentation)Criteria for rigor in embodied narrative inquiry Conclusion Acknowledgments Note References The somatic impact of war and flight on the agent bodies of refugee women in Germany: A mixed-method approach including movement and body image sculptures Project overview Participant sample Research instruments Basler Inner States Scale (Basler Befindlichkeitskala BISS)Body Image Questionnaire (FKB 20)Body Sculpture Test Movement observation Interviews Data collection Data analysis Limitations of research design and method Results and discussion Conclusion Notes Acknowledgements References Aesthetic answering: A method of embodied analysis and arts-based research in creative arts therapies Aesthetic answering: from clinical practice to research method The empirical study: creation as an active factor of creative arts therapies (Lange, 2017)Conceptual background Arts-based research The method Sample Data collection Data analysis Findings and discussion Quantitative findings: analysis of change values after the aesthetic answer (t3)Qualitative findings: participants' and researchers' descriptions at t3 Arts-based findings: data from aesthetic answering Discussion Conclusion Note References Mixed methods for evaluating embodied processes in higher education considerations Quantitative versus qualitative: our point of view Method adaptability organization Scenarios Methodology Participants and recruitment Legal and ethical considerations Suggestions for embodiment work Environment and materials Quantitative research tools: physiology measurements Cortisol level Sleep quality Heart rate variability Quantitative research tools: psychological and embodiment measures Qualitative research tools Discussion Level 1. Innovation in education project Level 2. Short-term research project trying to improve higher education teacher's wellbeing Level 3. Full research project to analyse the impact of a body awareness training programme on the well-being and academic learning of engineering students Conclusion References

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