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Expressive Therapy with Traumatized Children

Preface Acknowledgments ONE Trauma Treatment for Children Evidence-Based Practices in Trauma Treatment: What is the Evidence?TWO The Neuroscience of Art Therapy and Trauma Trauma and the Brain Art Therapy through a Neuroscience Lens Trauma-Focused Art Therapy THREE Setting the Stage for Expressive Work The Role of Art in Therapy Rationale for Expressive Therapies with Children The Relationship between Art and Play Therapy Providing a Psychologically Safe Environment Beginning the Therapeutic Relationship Sublimation in Art Therapy FOUR “Daddy Beat My Sister, Not Me”Approaching Children’s Denial through Creative Means Treatment Considerations in Child Sexual Abuse Cases FIVE The Preverbal Child, Ages 0 to 2 Developmental Issues The Child’s Understanding of Trauma Treatment Issues SIX The Early School-Aged Child, Ages 2 to 7 Developmental Issues The Child’s Understanding of Trauma Treatment Issues SEVEN The Middle Years, Ages 7 to 12 Developmental Issues The Child’s Understanding of Trauma Treatment Issues Sublimation EIGHT Ages 12 through Adolescence Developmental Issues The Child’s Understanding of Trauma Treatment Issues NINE “My Heart Bleeds for Harmony” Involving the Family in Therapy Involving the Parent or Guardian in the Child’s Therapy Cultural Issues in Family Therapy Assessment of Families through Art Family Therapy in Divorcing Families Family Therapy for Issues of Grief and Loss Court-Ordered Family Therapy Family Therapy with an Abusive Parent Family Therapy with the Nonoffending Parent Working with Extended Family Members Family Therapy with the Foster Family Family Therapy as Practice for a “Forever Family”Family Therapy with the Preadoptive Family Note TEN “I’ll Live with My Mom When She Gets Her Life Together”Tammy Living in a Foster Home: First 5 Months of Therapy Tammy Moves to a Residential Treatment Center, and Mother’s Visits Cease: Months 6 to 8 of Treatment Tammy Living with a New Foster Family: Months 11 to 25 of Therapy Tammy’s Foster Family Works toward Adoption: Months 26 to 36 of Therapy Termination of Tammy’s Therapy ELEVEN “Art Has Truth”TWELVE “A Hope Rainbow”The Next Phase of Our Relationship THIRTEEN “Stories to Teach about My Mom” Julie’s Story FOURTEEN The Therapist’s Container Making Art about the Therapeutic Relationship Therapist’s Art Making to Enhance Empathy The Therapist’s Art as a Container for the Countertransference Use of Art to Hold the Ambiguity of Not Knowing FIFTEEN Putting the Puzzle Together

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Rationale for Expressive Therapies with Children
If one is going to intervene at the 2-year-old level, or the 5-year-old level, or even the 10-year-old level, it may be necessary to bypass verbal means of expression initially and allow the child an opportunity to express spontaneously in a modality that is more appropriate to that age. How one chooses...
(Expressive Therapy with Traumatized Children)
Stem Cell Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury
Sicong Tu and Jian Tu Traumatic brain injury remains a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Traumatic brain injury results in enormous losses to individuals, families, and communities (Corrigan et al. 2010). World Health Organization has estimated that 25 % of...
(Neurological Regeneration)
Stem Cell Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury
There are at least two strategies involving stem cell therapy to repair injured brain tissue. They are transplantation of exogenous stem cells to replace damaged cells and stimulation of endogenous stem cells to proliferate to the number of cells needed and differentiate them to the phenotype of cells...
(Neurological Regeneration)
Bench to Bedside Translation of Stem Cell Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury
The main purpose of state-of-the-scientific studies is to translate our discoveries into daily clinical practice. The basic research laboratory takes its observations obtained at molecular or cellular levels in a cutting edge state and implements this into acceptable clinical practice to the benefit...
(Neurological Regeneration)
Expressive Therapies Continuum
The ETC evolved out of diverse art therapy approaches such as gestalt, psychodynamic, phenomenological and cognitive art therapy (Lusebrink, 2016). Lusebrink, Martinsone, and Dzilna-Silova (2013) credit the art therapy approaches of pioneers such as Florence Cane, Margaret Naumburg, Edith Kramer and...
(Sensory-Based Relational Art Therapy Approach (S-BRATA): Supporting Psycho-Emotional Needs in Children with Autism)
Equine-Partnered Play Therapy: EACP forYoung Children
There is significant evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of play therapy in addressing a wide range of mental health concerns for young children (Ray & McCullough, 2016). Play is the natural language of children and a way to communicate their experiences, feelings, self-concept, wishes, wants, reactions,...
(Equine-Assisted Counseling and Psychotherapy: Healing Through Horses)
Agency and diversity: Variation in the expression of agency by children
Looking at Diversity As is already evident from the issues raised in the previous chapters of this book, agency can mean different things to different researchers. The term agency is used to label a range of phenomena or processes, a fact which confounds drawing conclusions about how agency manifests...
(Children as Agents in Their Worlds: A Psychological – Relational Perspective)
Integrating Play and Expressive Therapies with Families
When working with children, I find the most effective way to establish a therapeutic relationship is to play with them. Play is a natural way in which children explore and learn about the world around them and social relationships. In his book, The Therapeutic Powers of Play, Charles Schaefer...
(Attachment-Focused Family Play Therapy: An Intervention for Children and Adolescents after Trauma)
Integrating Attachment-based Treatment and Expressive Therapies
There are several models of attachment-based interventions with children and their caregivers that integrate play into the treatment process, such as Theraplay, Filial Therapy, Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), and Child Parent Psychotherapy (CPP). Research has provided evidence...
(Attachment-Focused Family Play Therapy: An Intervention for Children and Adolescents after Trauma)
Choosing Play and Expressive Therapy Interventions
When choosing interventions for this phase of treatment, it’s important to choose activities that have a low challenge quality to them while also allowing for the therapist to observe the interactions of family members with very little direction needed. The therapist will need to identify ways to include...
(Attachment-Focused Family Play Therapy: An Intervention for Children and Adolescents after Trauma)