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Nanocomposites of Food Antimicrobial Agents

Recently, nanocomposites consisting of inorganic nanolayers of layered silicate have evoked intense research interest to be used as antimicrobial carriers. Their applications have been exploring. The nanoclays with and without modification can be used as the nanofiller to prepare hybrid polymer nanocomposite material. These materials usually have improved mechanical, thermal, electrical, barrier, and optical properties and hence have the potential to be used in active antimicrobial food packaging applications. Montmorillonite nanoclay, consisting of two tetrahedral sheets of silica fused to an edge-shared octahedral sheet of alumina, was incorporated into alginate or chitosan and formed bio-nanocomposites with encapsulated essential oils (Alboofetileh et al., 2014; Abdollahi et al., 2012). The obtained nanocomposite films showed increased mechanical properties and antimicrobial activities. Carvacrol was employed in the methyl cellulose-based nanocomposites and produced a film with enhanced antimicrobial activity and a controlled release of carvacrol during storage (Tunc and Duman, 2011). The antimicrobial nanocomposites can also be deposited onto the material surface as an additional layer by various methods (Nikiforov et al., 2016).

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Nanoencapsulation of Food Antimicrobial Agents and Essential Oils
Yue Zhang1*, Huaiqiong Chen2'* and Kang Pan3 University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States, 2Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States, 3Kellogg Company, Battle Creek, MI, United States Food antimicrobials are chemicals that stop or inhibit the growth of microorganisms,...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
TRADITIONAL AND NATURAL FOOD ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Antimicrobial agents have been investigated for their effectiveness to kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms in the matrix and on the surface of foods. This has been done with the aim to increase food safety for the consumers, as well as to increase the shelf life of food products. Based on their...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
NANOENCAPSULATION OF FOOD ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Many techniques have been developed for the fabrication of nanoencapsulated antimicrobials. These methods can be classified into two main categories according to whether the formulation requires a high mechanical energy (top-down method) or can be achieved directly without applying mechanical energy...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
Biopolymer-Based Nanoencapsulation of Food Antimicrobial Agents
Biopolymers have found tremendous applications in nanoencapsulation of antimicrobial agents. Various sources serve as origins of biopolymers, which could be either animal or plant based, in their native form or being modified for specific goals such as controlled or target delivery. Commonly used biopolymers...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
Other Nanoencapsulation Technologies for Food Antimicrobial Agents
Other nanotechnology strategies such as nanogels have also been studied to encapsulate antimicrobial agents. Nanogels including nanohydrogels and nanoorganogels, three-dimensional networks formed via covalent linkages or self-assembly, are promising carriers for natural antimicrobials due to their high-loading...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
RELEASE, CHARACTERIZATION, AND SAFETY OF NANOENCAPSULATED FOOD ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Controlled Release of Antimicrobial Agents from Nanocapsules Delivering the bioactive compounds (e.g., antimicrobial agents) precisely and safely at a right period of time to the targeted system to achieve the controlled release is a yardstick in the design and development of nanocapsules. The...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
Safety of Nanoencapsulated Food Antimicrobial Agents
Apart from the advantages of nanotechnology in food industry, the lack of knowledge about the impacts of nano-sized materials on human health and the environment has raised some safety concerns (Cushen et al., 2012). Although many foods contain nanoscale components that have been consumed safely for...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
APPLICATIONS OF NANOENCAPSULATED FOOD ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Promising applications by using nanoencapsulation technology to enhance the efficacy of antimicrobials in foods are being developed. The purposes of using nanoencapsulation method include the following four reasons: 1. To stabilize the volatile antimicrobials, for example, essential oils, against evaporation...
(Nanoencapsulation of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Principles and Applications)
Nanocapsules as Potential Antimicrobial Agents in Food
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry describes a nanocapsule as a hollowed nanomaterial made of an outer solid framework that circumvents a coreforming region present to enmesh substances (Panghal et al., 2019a). They can also be defined as nano-sized materials, with surface...
(Nanotechnological Approaches in Food Microbiology)