Electrospun Nanofibers in Drug Delivery: Fabrication, Advances, and Biomedical Applications

Vibhuti Agrahari^a, Vivek Agrahari^a, Jianing Meng^a, Ashim K. Mitra

University of Missouri—Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States

Contents

• 1. Introduction 190
• 1.1 Process of Electrospinning 190
• 1.2 Parameters Influencing the Electrospinning Process and Fiber Characteristics 191
• 1.2.1 Concentration 192
• 1.2.2 Polymer Molecular Weight 192
• 1.2.3 Conductivity 192
• 1.2.4 Viscosity 194
• 1.2.5 Flow Rate 194
• 1.2.6 Applied Voltage 194
• 1.2.7 Distance Between the Needle Tip and Collector 194
• 1.2.8 Environmental Factors (Humidity and Temperature) 194
• 1.2.9 Collector Types 195
• 2. Stimuli-Responsive Nanofibers in Drug Delivery Applications 195
• 2.1 pH-Responsive Systems 195
• 2.2 Light-Activated Systems 195
• 2.3 Thermoresponsive Systems 199
• 2.4 Ultrasound-Responsive Systems 200
• 2.5 Enzyme-Responsive Systems 200
• 2.6 Oxidative Stress—Responsive Systems 200
• 2.7 Carbohydrate-Responsive Systems 200
• 2.8 Multiresponsive Systems 201
• 2.9 Challenges in Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Applications of Nanofibers 201
• 3. Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers 201
• 3.1 Electrospun Nanofibers in Tissue Engineering 201
• 3.1.1 Skin Tissue Engineering 202
• 3.1.2 Bone Tissue Engineering 203
• 3.1.3 Cardiac Tissue Engineering 204
• 3.1.4 Nerve Tissue Engineering 205
• 3.2 Electrospun Nanofibers Applications in Dentistry 205
• 3.3 Electrospun Nanofibers Application in Ocular Injuries 206

^aAuthors contributed equally.

Emerging Nanotechnologies for Diagnostics, Drug Delivery, and Medical Devices © 2017 Elsevier Inc.

ISBN 978-0-323-42978-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-42978-8.00009-7 All rights reserved.

• 3.4 Electrospun Nanofibers in Drug Delivery 207
• 3.4.1 Transdermal Drug Delivery System 208
• 3.4.2 Cancer Therapy 208
• 3.5 Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Application 209
• 3.6 Biosensor and Immunoassay 209
• 4. Conclusion 210

References 211