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CODING CONTINUOUS MONITORING DATA

Go to a shopping mall and record the interaction behavior of 30 mother-child pairs for 2 minutes each. Record carefully the number of children each mother has and her interaction with each child. Try to find out whether interaction patterns are predictable from: (1) the number of children a mother has to cope with; (2) the ages of the children; (3) the socioeconomic class or ethnicity of the family; or (4) some other factors.

This exercise is instructive, if not humbling. It’s a real challenge to code for socioeconomic class and ethnicity when you can’t talk to the people you observe. Do this with at least one colleague so you can both check the reliability of your coding.

In hypothesis-testing research, where you already know a lot about the people you are studying, you go out to observe armed with a coding scheme worked out in advance. The idea is to record any instances of behavior that conform to the items in the scheme. This allows you to see if your hunches are correct about conditions under which certain behaviors occur. In some studies, you might be interested in noting instances of aggressive versus submissive behavior. In other cases, those variables might be irrelevant.

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Environmental Monitoring Data
To estimate the release rate, this study used the daily deposition measured at Chigasaki, Hitachinaka, Ichihara, Maebashi, Saitama, Sinjuku, Utsunomiya, and Yamagata with a 24-h sampling time from 18 March 2011 by MEXT [12]. The sampling sites are plotted in Fig. 14.1. The following criteria were set...
(Radiation Monitoring and Dose Estimation of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident)
Environmental Monitoring Data
For the preliminary source term estimation [1], environmental monitoring data on air concentrations of nuclides (hereafter, dust sampling data) were mainly used. Iodine of gaseous and particulate conditions was expected to be sampled according to the guideline for environmental radiation monitoring from...
(Radiation Monitoring and Dose Estimation of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident)
Input Monitoring Data of the Surface Activity Density of 137Cs
To determine the distribution form of the surface density of 137Cs, normality tests were performed for the logarithmic values of the surface density for each municipality. The data measured by MEXT [14] were used for the tests, which decay corrected to 0:00 on March 15, 2011. The p values of the...
(Radiation Monitoring and Dose Estimation of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident)
CM—CONTINUOUS MONITORING
In continuous monitoring, or CM, or focal follows, you watch a person, or group of people, and record their behavior as faithfully as possible. The technique was developed in the field of management by Charles Babbage, the 19th-century mathematician who invented the computer. He studied the behavior...
(Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches)
CONTINUOUS MONITORING IN ANTHROPOLOGY
CM has a long and noble history in anthropology. When Eliot Chapple was still a student at Harvard in the 1930s, he built a device he called the “interaction chronograph” for recording on a rolling sheet of paper the minute features (facial expressions, gestures) of human interaction. The interaction...
(Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches)
USING VIDEO FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING
Even with a fixed coding scheme, an observer in a CM situation has to decide among alternatives when noting behavior—whether someone is acting aggressively, or just engaging in rough play, for example. Recording behavior on film or video lets several analysts study the behavior stream and decide at...
(Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches)
COMBINING CONTINUOUS MONITORING AND SPOT SAMPLING
The difference between CM and spot sampling is analogous to the difference between ethnography and survey research. With ethnography, you get information about process; with survey research, you get data that let you estimate parameters for a population. Spot sampling is used in TA research precisely...
(Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches)
countries reported consistently coding health care data using a terminology standard
Half of the countries participating in this study reported that within all of their key health care datasets clinical terminology is coded by assigning standard codes using a classification system (Table 2.1). Standard codes ensure that data elements are comparable across datasets and can be analysed...
(Health data governance.)
The coding of the data
The third step was to make a content analysis of all the collected poll questions and code for the absence or presence of certain elements in each question. We coded each single question for the absence or presence of a reference for each of the following categories, depending on the wording used: the...
(Public Opinion, Transatlantic Relations and the Use of Force)