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The Ideal of Nature: Debates about Biotechnology and the Environment

Preface A Comparative Examination of Appeals to Nature Organization of the Volume REFERENCES Disposing Nature or Disposing of It? Reflections on the Instruction of Nature In Defense of Living Nature. Finding Common Ground in a Medieval Tradition The Scholastic Conception of Nature Science and Christianity All Things Seen and Unseen REFERENCES Nature as Absence. The Logic of Nature and Culture in Social Contract Theory Three Snapshots of Social Contract Theory Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)John Locke (1632-1704)Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)A Logic of Nature and Culture The Inner and the Outer The Dialectic of Nature and Culture REFERENCES Human Nature without Theory The Concept of Human Nature Essentialist versus Evolutionary Views of Species Norms versus Individual Differences The Value of Human Nature Human Nature as Inviolable Ontological Category Human Nature as the Basis for Morality Human Nature as a Condition of Morality The Relationship between Humans and Nature The Relationship between Human Nature and the Human Good The Politics of “Human Nature”NOTES REFERENCES Preserving the Distinction between Nature and Artifact The Nature/Artifact Distinction: Restoration and Its Meaning An Extreme Human Case: Nazis and Domination Back to the Nature/Artifact Distinction Notes References Why “Nature” Has No Place in Environmental Philosophy The Appeal to Nature Thinking like a Mountain. Nature, Wilderness, and the Virtue of Humility Cormac McCarthy Wendell Berry Nature and Human Overreaching NOTES REFERENCES He Did It on Hot Dogs and Beer. Natural Excellence in Human Athletic Achievement Some Standard Objections The Council Weighs In Repudiation and Ingratitude The Estrangement of Athletes from Fans Broken Records and Discontinuity The Ideal of the Natural: Conventional, Not Metaphysical?From Recreation to Procreation: The Generality of a Constraint-Based Account of Appeals to Nature NOTES REFERENCES Sport, Simulation, and EPO Two Spectator Interests in Elite Sport McKibben on the Tedium of Enhanced Marathons Vicariously Participating in Exceptional Performances Chess-playing Computers and Robot Pitchers The Interest in Identifying versus the Interest in Extremes WADA’s Position on Synthetic EPO Is WADA Inconsistent?No One Has an Antecedent Interest in Using Synthetic EPO to Gain a Competitive Advantage A Rule Permitting Synthetic EPO Is Open-ended in a Way That Conflicts with Our Interest in Identifying Banning Synthetic EPO Is More Practical Than Banning Other Techniques for Boosting Hematocrits Why Elite Athletes Need New Self-conceptions Notes References Commonsense Morality and the Idea of Nature. What We Can Learn from Thinking about “Therapy”Beyond the Therapy/Enhancement Distinction?Commonsense Morality and the Therapy/Enhancement Distinction The Normal Healthy Baby Activities of the World Health Organization Therapy up to a Point, Enhancement beyond It A Difficult Case: Transgender Surgery When Is Enhancement Justified?The Appeal to Nature and Our Orientation in the World NOTE REFERENCES Rawls, Sports, and Liberal Legitimacy Human Nature, Politics, and Justice as Fairness Beyond Basic Social Justice Human Nature and Sports Sport in a Just Society Rawls and Rules Sports and the Just Society Unearned Gifts NOTES References

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The Food Security Debate in a Shifting Market Environment
Tassos Haniotis Agricultural price developments during the past decade have been by all accounts exceptional. From the beginning of the twenty-first century until 2011 commodity prices experienced the longest and broadest post-World War II boom, reversing a decline of nearly three decades,...
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The Ideal of the Natural: Conventional, Not Metaphysical?
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(The Ideal of Nature: Debates about Biotechnology and the Environment)
Parliamentary Debate as an Ideal Type
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IR scholars have discussed IO politics at length. Although this book cannot review all debates, we draw attention to the literature that has, at least partially, addressed depoliticization and IOs. While they do not always rely on the concept of depoliticization, we can learn from three trends in IO...
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The Nature Versus Nurture Debate in Gender Psychology
One common way to classify these dominant approaches to the psychology of gender is as a result of nature, nature, or a combination of the two. This classification has been hotly debated by psychologists for decades. The fundamental question that undergirds this debate is as follows: Is nature or nature...
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Transcendental Phenomenology and the Debate on the Relation Between Science of Nature and Metaphysics
What more or less explicitly underlies the different positions reconstructed in Chapter 1 is a certain account of the nature of knowledge, of the “cognitive bond” between subjectivity and the world. Such an account of knowledge determines a philosophical “interpretation” of the being of the world,...
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The idea of philosophy, or universal science of what is, was born in Greece and constitutes the primal establishment of European culture.50 Husserl, though, situates a deep transformation of its sense at the time of the Renaissance, when the idea is taken up again after the end of the Middle Ages. As...
(Philosophy’s Nature: Husserl’s Phenomenology, Natural Science, and Metaphysics)
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Is It Nature or Nurture?
The survey of the leading explanations of criminal offending does not really address the central question related to nature versus nurture: Are criminals born or made? Some biological explanations—especially those which show that genetics seem to play a critical role in some criminal offending—make...
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