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The Political Economy of Independent Ukraine: Slow Starts, False Starts, and a Last Chance?

Introduction and Overview Three Constants in the History of Ukraine Aims of the Book A Potted History of the Economy since Independence Outline of the Book Bibliography Nature of the Economy before Independence The Early Centuries The Polish-Lithuanian and Cossack Period Czarist Colonial Period Soviet Period The Historical Legacy upon Independence Bibliography II Post Independence Economic Reforms and Performance Main Trends over Twenty-Five Years: Delayed Reforms Lead to Poor Performance Overview A Quarter Century of Post-communist Transition The Transition Story in a Nutshell A Quarter Century of Transition in Ukraine Policy Inputs: Market Liberalization and Institution Building Evolution of Democracy and Personal Freedoms The Outputs: Economic and Social Performance But It Is Still Better than in the Soviet Period A Summary Bibliography Reforms and Performance under Kravchuk 1991-94 Were There Any Reforms?Pre-independence: Tiny Steps to Economic Autonomy Nation-Building Comes before Economic Reforms Why Reforms Were Delayed Summary of Kravchuk Legacy: 'We Have What We Have'Bibliography Reforms and Performance under Kuchma 1994-2004 From Enthusiastic Reformer to Frustrated Authoritarian Kuchma I: 1994-98: A Small Bang?Kuchma II: 1999-2004: Oligarchic Consolidation Beginning of Restructuring and Globalization Why Did Kuchma Begin and then Stop Reforms?Bibliography Reforms and Performance under Yushchenko: 2004-09 Promises, Promises, Promises The Orange Revolution: First but Not Last Revolt of the Demos Abusiveness of Rulers An Empowered Civil Society Presence of Charismatic Democratic Leader Russian Interventionism The EU Is Aroused and Deeply Involved Orange Regime: Democracy Moves Forward, Economic Liberalization Stalls The Souring of the Orange Disunity of Democrats Yushchenko, Poor Manager Pragmatist Yushchenko Compromised with Establishment Personal Antipathy EU Refusal to Offer Membership Carrot Faults of the Orange Princess: Populist, Radical—or Female?Summary: Yushchenko's Legacy Bibliography Reforms and Performance under Yanukovich: 2010-14 A Juggling Act Marvellous to Behold, Disastrous When All the Pins Fall Concentration of Authoritarian Power Macroeconomic Policy Neither Disastrous Nor Successful De Minimis Microeconomic Reforms Business as Usual for Oligarchs—Even Better for the Family First, Satisfy the EU, and then Deal with Moscow Pressure The Vilnius Denouement Why Did Yanukovich Refuse to Sign?Yanukovich's Legacy Bibliography Reforms and Performance under Poroshenko. 2014-Present Last Chance? Or Muddle through as Usual Macro Stabilization: So Far So Good Significant Deregulation: Too Much for the Establishment?Progress towards the EU: Slow but Steady Rule of Law Reforms: At Best on Paper Corruption Control: Words, Paper, but No Sticks Could More Have Been Done?Bibliography III The Key Political-Economy Challenges Since Independence The Costs of Delaying Economic Reforms A Thematic Overview of the Ukrainian Economy The Special Effects of Delayed Reforms Reasons for Delay The Sincerity and Political Ethics of Reform Delay Summary Bibliography The Formation and Role of Oligarchs A Step towards the Market or a Barrier to Finishing Transition?Who Were the Oligarchs?How Did They Evolve?How Did (and Do) Oligarchs Use Their Power?Some Misconceptions and Myths Summary Bibliography Economic Dependence on Russia A Triad of Rent-Seekers Promotes Economic Dependence Energy Dependence until 2014 Rent-Seeking and the Vicious Circle of Energy Dependence Russian Rent-Seekers Largely Aligned with State Interests Attempts to Reform Gas Markets and Why They Failed Diversification Failures Odessa-Brody Becomes Brody-Odessa Rapid Globalization and Diversification Export Performance: One of the Greatest Success Stories Main Trends in Export Expansion and Diversification Has Ukraine Reached Its Comparative Advantage Equilibrium?Economic Dependence on Russia: A Summing Up Bibliography Controlling Corruption: The Elusive Golden Fleece?Corruption: Pervasive, Persistent and Pernicious International Comparisons of Corruption Levels Four Types of Corruption with Innumerable Mechanisms Tools to Fight against Corruption Can It Be Done, and Done Quickly?Some Hopeful Signs Bibliography EU Membership: The Quest for the Holy Grail To Be European or Not to Be European?A Timeline of Ukraine-EU Relations How the EU Accession Process Anchored Transition Missed Opportunities for Ukraine-EU Relations Public Opinion on Ukrainian Membership in the eU Relative Benefits of EU Versus EACU Summary Bibliography The Outcome: Capitalism for the Few and Low Incomes for the Many What Has Been Achieved since 1991?The Positives: It Is Better than in Soviet Times The Negatives: Reforms Too Late, Too little, Too Slow The Persistent Effects of the Late Start Why Ukraine Lagged Behind on Reforms Myths, Partial Truths and Revisionist Interpretations The Three Historical Constants Endure Bibliography Prospects for Real Reforms After the Euromaidan Victory Prospects Are Diminishing, but Hope Dies Last Prospects of Settling the Conflict with Russia Prospects of Economic Recovery Prospects of Continued EU Integration Prospects of Further Deregulation and Rule of Law Reforms Prospects of Real Progress on Corruption Prospects of a Third Maidan Bibliography Bibliography

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Macro and microeconomics are on the same level of generality with political economy (without identifying with it).
What is essential in understanding our book also refers on how to develop and explore concepts. Each concept of the whole economy and each conceptual structure part Macroeconomics' own conceptual structure is different from that of microeconomic and political economy. shall be developed within a...
(Macroeconomics)
Resources and Perspectives from Media Political Economy
Justin Schlosberg The existence of media management studies as a delineated field of scholarly inquiry rests on an inherent conceptual tension. Management studies have traditionally been goal oriented towards identifying the structures and practices that maximise a firm's capacity to survive...
(Managing Media Firms and Industries)
Political Economy Roots
Political economy is the study of the relationship between economic structures and processes on the one hand and the production of values and power in society on the other. When applied to the media, political economic accounts tend to examine the impact on media output of industry structure and ownership...
(Managing Media Firms and Industries)
Political Economy at a Crossroads
The decline of this paradigm coincided with the rise of digital communications and an associated dismantling of information control (McNair, 2006). Digital utopianists place emphasis on the exponential growth of decentralised and de-territorialised networks of communication, the spread of multiway and...
(Managing Media Firms and Industries)
Political Economy of Economic Growth
Revisiting the African Economic Growth Agenda: Focus on Inclusive and Pro-poor Growth? Abstract This paper determines whether the recent growth trajectory in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been inclusive and pro-poor and discusses potential policies in making growth more inclusive. The motivation...
(Accelerated Economic Growth in West Africa)
The Political Economy of Reforms
The political economy of subsidy reforms in Morocco has been driven largely by the global prices of strategic commodities and by the increasing cost of subsidies to the state’s budget. From an equalization fund with own resources sufficient to conduct its mission of stabilizing prices of basic commodities...
(The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Microsimulation Approach to Policy Making)
The Political Economy of Reforms
Attempts at subsidy reforms were made during the decade that preceded the revolution, but they did not last. In the early 2000s, following the removal of international sanctions, Libya embarked on a reform path to modernize and open up its economy (Vandewalle 2011), and cutting subsidies seems to have...
(The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Microsimulation Approach to Policy Making)
The Political Economy of Reforms
The simulations indicate that the current subsidy system provides valuable assistance to the poor, but at the same time are prorich and inefficient. Eliminating subsidies and compensating the poor and vulnerable with a direct cash transfer would be a more effective form of social protection. Subsidy...
(The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Microsimulation Approach to Policy Making)
The Political Economy of Reforms
Once adopted, subsidies are hard to remove. Usually countries have to conduct reform by piecemeal changes with constant reversals. Fear of loss of economic rents and political power are common factors behind reluctance to reform subsidies (Commander 2012). The Republic of Yemen was not an exception....
(The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Microsimulation Approach to Policy Making)
The Political Economy of Reforms
Following the previous section where we looked at the impacts of the proposed reforms, here we examine the safety nets in place in Djibouti and attempt to estimate the effect of compensating schemes to offset perverse effects on poverty. Fuel Subsidies The government is currently considering abandoning...
(The Quest for Subsidy Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Microsimulation Approach to Policy Making)