Appendix

Variables

BM1

Normal vs. underweight

Normal vs. overweight

Anaemia

Age at marriage

<18 years t

1.00

1.00

1.00

18—20 years

1.07 |1.05, 1.08]***

0.87 |0.86, 0.89]***

1.02 |1.01, 1.04]**

21 years and above

0.96 |0.93, 0.98|***

0.91 |0.89, 0.93|***

0.96 |0.95, 0.97]***

Economic status

Poorest t

1.00

1.00

1.00

Poorer

0.79 |0.77, 0.80|***

1.78 |1.72, 1.84|***

0.88 |0.87, 0.90]***

Middle

0.59 |0.57, 0.60|***

2.83 |2.74, 2.92|***

0.84 |0.82, 0.85]***

Richer

0.44 |0.42, 0.45|***

4.29 |4.16, 4.44|***

0.79 |0.77, 0.81]***

Richest

0.27 |0.26, 0.28]***

5.95 |5.74, 6.16]***

0.75 |0.73, 0.77]***

Women’s education

No education t

1.00

1.00

1.00

Primary

1.02 11.00, 1.05|

1.06 |1.04, 1.09]***

0.94 |0.93, 0.96]***

Secondary

1.07 |1.05, 1.09]***

0.95 |0.93, 0.97|***

0.90 |0.89, 0.92]***

Higher

0.92 |0.89, 0.96|***

0.81 |0.79, 0.84|***

0.82 |0.80, 0.84]***

Place of residence

Urban f

1.00

1.00

1.00

Rural

1.17 [1.15, 1.20|***

0.73 |0.72, 0.74|***

0.98 |0.97, 1.00]*

Caste

Other f

1.00

1.00

1.00

Scheduled castes

1.10 |1.07, 1.13|***

0.82 |0.81, 0.84|***

1.15 |1.13, 1.17]***

Scheduled tribes

1.35 |1.31, 1.39|***

0.61 |0.59, 0.63]***

1.38 |1.35, 1.41]***

Other backward classes

1.07 |1.04, 1.09|***

0.86 |0.85, 0.88|***

1.09 |1.08, 1.11]***

Don’t know

1.01 |0.96, 1.05|

0.90 |0.87, 0.94|***

0.94 |0.91, 0.97]***

Variables

BMI

Normal vs. underweight

Normal vs. overweight

Anaemia

Religion Hindu f Muslim

• 1.00
• 0.98 |0.95, 1.001

• 1.00
• 1.17 [1.15, 1.20[***

• 1.00
• 0.88 10.87, 0.90]***

Christian

0.63 |0.59, 0.67]***

1.24 [1.19, 1.30]***

0.77 10.75, 0.80]***

Others

0.89 |0.85, 0.94|***

1.08 [1.04, 1.12]***

1.02 10.98, 1.05]

States

Others f

Empowered Action Group

• 1.00
• 1.12 [1.10, 1.14]***

• 1.00
• 0.82 |0.81, 0.83]***

• 1.00
• 0.89 10.88, 0.91]***

Rajasthan

1.26 [1.22, 1.30|***

0.56 |0.54, 0.58|***

0.71 10.69, 0.73]***

West Bengal

0.91 |0.88, 0.94|***

0.92 |0.90, 0.95|***

1.47 |1.43, 1.50]***

Telangana

1.43 [1.36, 1.50]***

1.21 [1.16, 1.26]***

1.09 [1.05, 1.12]***

Constant

0.39 |0.37, 0.40|***

0.23 |0.22, 0.24|***

1.42 11.38, 1.46]***

Number of observation

Likelihood-ratio chi-squared Log likelihood

• 469251
• 71348.53****
• -436309.04

• 5,04,689
• 6959.39***
• -351488.82

Variables

Stunting

Underweight

Wasting

Anaemia

Age at marriage

<18 years t

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

18—20 years

0.94 [0.92, 0.96]***

0.98 [0.96, 1.00]*

1.07 [1.04, 1.10]***

1.04 [1.02, 1.07]*

* «■

21 years and above Economic status

0.85 [0.83, 0.88]***

0.89 [0.87, 0.91]***

1.07 [1.04, 1.10]***

0.94 [0.91, 0.96|*

* «■

Poorest t

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Poorer

0.85 [0.83, 0.87]***

0.83 [0.81, 0.85]***

0.89 |0.86, 0.92]***

0.93 |0.90, 0.95]*

* «■

Middle

0.70 [0.68, 0.72]***

0.66 [0.64, 0.68]***

0.79 |0.77, 0.82]***

0.93 |0.90, 0.96]*

* «■

Richer

0.55 [0.53, 0.57]***

0.54 [0.52, 0.56]***

0.75 |0.72, 0.78|***

0.80 |0.78, 0.83|*

* «■

Richest

Women’s education

0.44 [0.42, 0.46]***

0.41 [0.39, 0.43]***

0.67 [0.64, 0.71]***

0.79 [0.76, 0.83]*

* «■

No education f

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Primary

0.86 [0.83, 0.88]***

0.87 [0.85, 0.90]***

0.97 |0.94, 1.01]

0.88 |0.85, 0.90]*

* «■

Secondary

0.67 [0.65, 0.68]***

0.72 [0.70, 0.74]***

1.00 |0.97, 1.03|

0.76 |0.74, 0.78|*

* «■

Higher

Place of residence

0.49 [0.47, 0.51]***

0.50 [0.48, 0.52]***

0.92 |0.88, 0.96|***

0.66 [0.63, 0.68]*

* «■

Urban f

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Rural

0.94 [0.92, 0.97]***

0.88 [0.86, 0.91]***

0.92 |0.89, 0.94|***

0.95 |0.93, 0.98]*

* «■

Caste

Other f

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Scheduled castes

1.28 [1.25, 1.32]***

1.20 [1.17, 1.24]***

1.04 [1.00, 1.07]*

1.15 [1.11, 1.18]*

* «■

Scheduled tribes

1.17 [1.13, 1.22]***

1.36 [1.31, 1.41]***

1.37 [1.31, 1.42|***

1.27 [1.22, 1.32|*

* «■

Other backward classes

1.15 [1.12, 1.18]***

1.12 [1.09, 1.15]***

1.03 [1.00, 1.06]*

1.06 [1.04, 1.09]*

* «■

Religion

Hindu f

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Muslim

1.09 [1.06, 1.12]***

0.99 [0.96, 1.02]

0.93 |0.90, 0.96|***

1.09 [1.06, 1.12]*

* «■

Christian

0.85 [0.79, 0.91]***

0.76 [0.71, 0.82]***

0.80 |0.74, 0.87]***

0.60 |0.56, 0.64|*

* «■

Others

1.00 [0.94, 1.05]

1.00 [0.94, 1.06]

0.98 [0.92, 1.05|

1.08 [1.02, 1.14|*

sb

Variables

Stunting

Underweight

Wasting

Anaemia

States

Others f

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Empowered Action Group

1.15 [1.12, 1.18]***

1.14 [1.12, 1.17]***

0.96 [0.93, 0.98]***

1.01 [0.99, 1.04|

Rajasthan

1.02 [0.98, 1.06]

1.03 [0.98, 1.07]

1.08 11.03, 1.13]**

1.01 |0.97, 1.05|

West Bengal

0.74 [0.71, 0.77]***

0.83 [0.80, 0.87]***

0.95 |0.90, 0.99|*

0.82 |0.79, 0.86]***

Telangana

0.79 [0.74, 0.84]***

0.90 [0.84, 0.95]***

0.83 |0.77, 0.89]***

1.15 [1.08, 1.22]***

Constant

1.04 [0.99, 1.08]

0.96 [0.92, 1.00]

0.33 [0.31, 0.35|***

1.83 [1.75, 1.91]***

Number of observation

2,12,658

2,12,658

2,12,658

1,97,803

Likelihood-ratio

12573.58***

11310.26***

1092.61***

2927.01***

chi-squared Log likelihood

-130792.4

-128817.1

-105812.3

-127730.9