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Europe and the Refugee Response: A Crisis of Values?


European norms and values and the refugee crisis: Issues and challengesContesting the crisis narrativeWhat are ‘European values’?Which values are at risk?The contributionsNotesReferencesEchoes of memories of forced displacement: The case of the Greek island of LesvosIntroductionNarrativesA historical parallelA historical account of the Greek-Turkish population exchangeAsia Minor memories of the past and the refugee assistance in the presentMemoryRefugee memoryMemory of trauma and its intergenerational transmissionIdentity and valuesThe idea of belongingContested memories and contemporary attitudesConclusionNotesReferencesAgainst the expansion of racism: The experience of the Camp des MillesThe fight against racism and xenophobiaThe history of the Camp des Milles and its analysisFrom arguments of exception to policies of extermination, a xenophobic spiralA didactic course in three phases: from history to citizen educationMemory of the Holocaust versus the fight for human rightsRacism: in search of a definitionThe return of raceEthnicity and raceThe biologization of the socialThe fight against radicalization and the right of asylumScience in conscienceNotesReferencesThe Moral Panic Button: Construction and consequencesIntroductionThe Moral Panic ButtonThe construction of the MPB in HungaryThe Hungarian version of MPBThe immediate consequences of the success of the MPB: obedient public opinion, polarization, and xenophobiaThe long-term consequences of the success of the MPBNotesReferencesAbolishing asylum and violating the human rights of refugees. Why is it tolerated?: The case of Hungary in the EUIntroductionDominating refugees: the abolition of the institution of asylum in HungaryAbolishing asylumDominating refugees: human rights abuses‘Let others do the dirty job’ or why Germany turns its eyes from human rights violations at the EU peripheryConclusionNotesReferencesBetween closing borders to refugees and welcoming Ukrainian workers Polish migration law at the crossroadsIntroductionThe inflow of foreigners to PolandRefugees and asylum seekers in PolandShort overview of Polish migration policy and its historyAttitudes towards refugees and asylum seekers after 2015 and its reflection in law and public policiesLaw and its responses to economic migration to Poland 2015—2018Values and Polish migration policy after 2015NotesReferencesDebating deportation detention in Germany: The many faces of the rule of lawIntroductionAnalyzing references to deportation detention - some methodological considerationsThe ‘local hook’: deportation detention as a local phenomenon in news articlesThe politicization of deportation detention - a representation of partisan political strugglesThe value dimension: the many faces of the rule of lawA great cluster of values, a small consortium of value agentsThe invisible European dimensionConclusionNotesReferencesIntegration by contract and the ‘values of the Republic’: Investigating the French State as a value promoter for migrants (2003—2016)IntroductionA climate of civic anxiety about the survival of the ‘Republican model’Contractual integration: the CAI and the CAIFMandatory respect for the ‘values of the Republic’: conditional integration‘Common values’: vague language and a potential confusion of genresValue-based integration: the dangers of homogenization and exclusionConclusionNotesReferencesBox-ticking exercise or real inclusion?: Challenges of including refugees’ perspectives in EU policyIntroductionPower, participation, and co-creationVisible and invisible powerQuality of participation: from tokenism to co-creationCo-creation, deep democracy, and reflective capacityResearch approach and methodsEmpirical findingsLogistical-organizational challengesOpportunities for co-operationThe challenges of co-operation: ticking the box and being taken seriouslyChallenges in understanding representativeness: the inclusion of different perspectivesActions and absence of reflexivityDiscussion and conclusionAcknowledgementsNoteBeing a ‘refuge-city’: Welcoming rhetorics in Paris and BarcelonaIntroductionSpeaking of welcomingThe keywordsHospitality, dignity, humanity: the Parisian trypticHuman rights and European solidarity: Barcelona’s prioritiesAnalysis of lexical fields: the importance of valuesParis: staying pragmaticBarcelona: for a freer voiceBeing welcoming, but what for? Understanding the different refuge-cities rhetoricsTwo cities that do not speak the same language: contextualizing valuesThe aims of humanismConclusionNotesReferencesHolding course Civil society organizations’ value expressions in the Swedish legislative consultation system before and after 2015IntroductionThe CSOs and the legislative processes exploredMigration and integration in SwedenSwedish civil society organisations and the political processCivil society organizations’ activities and values pertaining to migration and integrationThe legislative consultation systemValues expressed through the legislative consultation system (2009-2016)Policy field of migrationThe policy field of integrationConcluding discussionNotesReferencesCommunity-based sponsorship of refugees resettling in the UK: British values in action?IntroductionWhat are British values?Background: revival of resettlement and establishing sponsorshipConceptualizing community sponsorship: values in actionSpreading valuesTolerance - in short supply in a changing context?ConclusionReferencesCrisis and Willkommenskultur Civil society volunteering for refugees in GermanyRefugee support volunteering: leap in numbers, shift in outlooksA question of values?Modes of other-orientation: humanitarianism and care relationshipsConclusion: values, humanitarianism and care ethicsNotesReferencesCosmopolitanism at the crossroads: Swedish immigration policy after the 2015 refugee crisisIntroduction: game change?Swedish cosmopolitanismHospitality and the progressive dilemmaPostnalional memhershipSigns of changeThe return of the progressive dilemmaThe new right-left cleavageThe re-nationalization of membershipsConclusion: a crisis of values or realities?NoteReferences(Un)Deserving refugees: Contested access to the ‘community of value’ in ItalyIntroductionWho deserves to be protected?Italian asylum system during and after the European ‘refugee crisis’Who is valuable in the Italian refugee regime?The regime of rights: Citizenship FirstThe regime of deservingness: disciplining access to the community of valueThe regime of containment: dispossession without protectionConclusions Social workers and asylum seekers as actors of contentious politicsNotesReferencesChristian charity as the last line of defense for migrants in VentimigliaIntroductionThe creation of a hostile environment: VentimigliaThe denial of housing spacesThe opening of the Delle Gianchette ChurchThe reaction of public authoritiesThe heritage of the Delle Gianchette ChurchThe prohibition of food distributionThe creation of a division within the active civil society in VentimigliaThe paradoxical situation of local authorities with respect to humanitarian valuesThe instrumentalisation of humanitarian assistance hy the authoritiesExpulsion from the territoryThe (lack of) response from Catholic organisationsCatholic leadership, between ‘euergesia’ and social justiceConclusionsNotesReferencesProclaiming and practicing pro-immigration values in Poland: A case study of PoznanIntroductionThe evolution of the Polish government’s attitudes towards refugees‘Refugees are coming’ - moral panic in the makingResponses to the ‘refugee crisis’ and values in the city of PoznanCivil society responsesConclusionsNotesReferencesConcluding thoughts