TSE and Its Context

The above research opportunities provide important conceptual, theoretical and practical insights into TSE. However, research is also needed that investigates the interplay between TSE and broader social, economic, environmental, political and cultural contexts that influence its emergence, development and resilience over time. Moreover, generalized scientific knowledge and normative guidance makes it difficult for us to understand why different TSE models emerge and what the strengths and weaknesses of these various models are in different contexts. The contexts, frameworks and systems (e.g. business, financial, political, education and human resources, cultural and control) which affect the adoption of CSR by corporations, can provide some understanding of the contexts where TSE might be more successful (Matten & Moon, 2008). Understandings of these contextual influences can also reveal insights into what good actions might be in particular circumstances (Flyvbjerg, 2004; Geertz, 1990). We believe much can be learned from investigating TSE in action, by learning from its variegated operational characteristics, the interplay between TSE and its organizational and institutional settings, and by focusing attention on how aspects such as power, value, scalability, ethics and agency are given meaning in different contexts.