Internet of Things and Smart City

According to Atzori et al. (2010), IOT is the futuristic gears for interactive digital data communication of continuous uses, armed with transceivers and microcontrollers that essentially work over Internet protocols. Also known as the future of Internet, IOT has been anticipated to be an integral part of smart cities (Zanella et al. 2014) and attempts to look for automated applications in the very field of urban spaces in the home and in industry, geriatric care, medical assistance, smart grids, traffic management, and energy management, among others (Bellavista et al. 2013). Marr (2015) indicated that IOT will be the apparatuses "that will speak to each other"; however, IOT prototypes are frequently embraced as business models that are strongly exploited to make the environs really "smart"; as an example, the Glasgow city government in Scotland has allocated millions of euros to IOT to make the city smarter, safer, and more sustainable.

Research and development into IOT is still in progress in the pursuit of more sophisticated applications for smart cities. IOT can be labeled as "sensing" gadgets that are wearable (by individuals), movable (installed in vehicles, smartphones, and personal data assistance devices), or static (fixed in houses, power grids, green and open spaces, streets, traffic lights, and other places), and connected to the Internet to generate big data for sustainable smart city operations, mostly in real time.